Saturday, 10 August 2013

AN ACCOUNTING/FINANCIAL INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE



Whether you're a budding analyst for a biiiiiiig accounting firm or dipping your toes into the commercial or investment banking world with a small Kenyan bank, a college internship (preferably with an internship stipend) can be a wide-open gateway into your dream accounting/finance industry post - if you handle it right.
 A good percentage of college/university graduates who participate in internships while still in school receive at least one job offer after their stint if over. Salary-wise, paid interns fare significantly better that other entry-level job applicants; such students have a decided advantage in the job market over those who did an unpaid internship or didn't do an internship at all. 
Internships usually have college students and graduates working in environments where their skills are put to beneficial use by firms that really need the help. There's no fetching coffee for optimal internships – it's real work companies want done. Paid interns spend much of their time engaged in 'real' work; employers prize that kind of hands-on experience. Conversely, unpaid interns spend more time on clerical tasks and less on the type of duties that employers value (I once tried an unpaid one which I quitted after a week).
What makes a successful internship for college accounting and finance major? Let's take a look:
Doing the Work You Were Trained to Do
A great internship depends on what field you enter, such as internal auditing, investment banking etc.. But by and large, being busy using skills you've learned and developed in the classroom define the best internship experiences. So if you're spending almost half your time doing challenging, rewarding work, your internship is on the right track.
How Many Hours?
College interns working in banks, brokerages and other accounting and financial services firms should aim for between 200 and 400 hours during their internship. Why? Because that's what hiring firms look for in terms of on-the-job interning experience.
What Pay Can You Expect?
On average, a paid internship means being compensated for about a third- half the salary (and no benefits) of an entry-level salary for a similar job. In addition, factor in what you're doing and where you are doing it. However, you shouldn't necessarily judge an internship on the size of the paycheck.
Signs of a Good Internship Program
College grads and students wondering what other elements comprise a good and beneficial intern experience should look for the following elements:
  • A direct internship coordinator, whose full-time job is managing interns
  • A written blueprint from the company explaining its policy toward interns and its goals in its internship program - you shouldn't have to ask, the firm should give you one
  • An emphasis on challenging - and not menial - work.
  • Opportunities to mingle with, and learn from, staffers and management at meetings, seminars, company dinners and training sessions on a regular basis
  • An opportunity to speak with former interns at the financial services company, to get their perspective on the internship experience
What steps should you take to secure a good financial internship? Getting a decent internship at a bank, insurance company, or other financial services firm is all about preparation. In that regard, cross these items off your checklist first:

Check Your Status
The unemployment line is littered with the resumes of college graduates who didn't take care of business in vetting their online reputations. Money management firms are, above all, extremely cautious about whom they bring aboard to help manage client's money.

That's why it's a good idea to scrub your online persona swiftly and thoroughly. Watch out for risky pictures on Facebook or inappropriate Twitter comments. Some companies will be on the lookout for what they deem to be risky behavior; avoid it and remove any examples of such behavior online before you interview with a money management outfit. 

Start Your Networking File
Once you gain an internship, begin filing away the names and contact data for the professionals you meet along the way in your internship. It could be the contact who helped you win the internship, the broker or analyst who you've been assigned to help or the specific internship coordinator at your company. All can come in handy when push comes to shove and you’re looking for a job offer.

Above all, make sure to write personalized thank you notes to all the professionals who've helped you along the way. Civility and good manners count for a lot and in the accounting and finance industry and may even mean the difference between leveraging an internship for professional gain or not.

The Bottom Line
Most internships are generally more rewarding in terms of experience, and can get you further in your career. In the end you're better off if you can get any internship after all. The value of networking and experience goes far, whether you're earning a paycheck or not.

Wednesday, 10 July 2013

Where to Invest Now: The Most Promising African Stock Markets

So, I thought it would be a good time to look back at a post that attempted to answer this question 13 months ago to see how well my forecast panned out.
In that article, I predicted that Ghana, Zambia, and Cote d’Ivoire would be the best-performing African stock markets. I hadn’t specified a time frame, but with over a year past, I think it’s a fair time to evaluate my accuracy (or lack thereof).
The chart below shows how I predicted the markets would rank on the left and the exchanges’ actual performances on the right.
Market Performance: Forecast vs. Actual
ExchangeForecast Rank (May 2, 2012)Actual Performance Rank (as of May 31, 2013)Dollar-Adjusted Performance (May 1, 2012 - May 31, 2013)
Ghana Stock Exchange12+65.6%
Lusaka Stock Exchange26+10.5%
BRVM (Côte d'Ivoire Stocks Only)35+39.8%
Nairobi Securities Exchange43+61.0%
Uganda Securities Exchange54+57.2%
Namibian Stock Exchange69-2.6%
Nigerian Stock Exchange71+70.5%
Botswana Stock Exchange87+5.2%
Stock Exchange of Mauritius98-1.2%
Johannesburg Stock Exchange1010-14.1%
As you can see I was a bit too enthusiastic about Zambia and Namibia, and I didn’t anticipate the Nigerian Stock Exchange’s tremendous performance. Overall, however, I felt the ranking did pretty well at picking winners and losers. It got four out of the top five right, and was right on the money by singling out the Johannesburg Stock Exchange as the least attractive market.
Where to Invest in Africa Now
Now let’s see what my crystal ball is telling me will happen over the next 12 months.
There’s actually no magic here. We simply want to identify the markets with the best combination of growth and value. The logic being that a fast-growing economy offers companies an environment with ample opportunity to increase earnings. This is counterbalanced by a measure of stock market valuation to get a sense of how much of the growth story has already been factored into stock prices.
To get a handle on the growth part of the equation, I consult the IMF’s latest World Economic Outlook. This is where I find GDP growth forecasts from the present day to 2018. I then calculate a composite growth rate by giving the shorter-term forecasts higher weights and the more speculative long-term forecasts lower ones. The chart below shows these composite growth rates.
IMF Forecast of African Economic Growth
CountryProjected GDP Growth (2013 - 2018)
Côte d'Ivoire7.86%
Zambia7.85%
Nigeria7.05%
Ghana6.51%
Uganda6.19%
Kenya6.15%
Zimbabwe5.41%
Mauritius4.28%
Botswana4.27%
Namibia4.19%
South Africa3.18%
So, the IMF believes Cote d’Ivoire, Zambia, and Nigeria will each grow their economies at an annual rate of seven percent or more between now and 2018. It stands to reason, therefore, that certain businesses are going to do quite well. But, as prospective investors, we can’t stop our analysis there. We want to find the stocks in fast-growing economies, but we don’t want to pay much for them.
Thus, we now turn our attention to stock valuations in these countries. To get a sense of relative value, we’ll compile the price/earnings ratios of the ten largest stocks on each exchange. Then, we’ll eliminate the outliers – the lowest and highest P/E ratio. Finally, we average the P/E ratios of the eight or so remaining stocks. You can see the results of all this number-crunching below:
P/E Ratios of African Stock Markets
ExchangePrice/Earnings Ratio (Avg 10 Largest Stocks)
Uganda Securities Exchange8.39
Namibian Stock Exchange9.40
BRVM (Côte d'Ivoire Stocks Only)10.63
Botswana Stock Exchange11.08
Lusaka Stock Exchange13.27
Nairobi Securities Exchange14.33
Zimbabwe Stock Exchange14.35
Stock Exchange of Mauritius15.08
Ghana Stock Exchange17.51
Johannesburg Stock Exchange17.85
Nigerian Stock Exchange20.64
In terms of earnings multiples, Ugandan and Namibian stocks look darn cheap. But I’d much rather own a Ugandan stock sporting an 8 P/E than a Namibian one with the same ratio. Why? Because Uganda’s economy is forecast to grow so much faster.
To assess the best combination of growth and value, we divide each market’s P/E ratio by its home economy’s forecast growth rate. This market PEG ratio is shown in the table below.
Balancing Growth and Value
ExchangePrice/Earnings/Growth Ratio
BRVM (Côte d'Ivoire Stocks Only)1.35
Uganda Securities Exchange1.36
Lusaka Stock Exchange1.69
Namibian Stock Exchange2.25
Nairobi Securities Exchange2.33
Botswana Stock Exchange2.59
Zimbabwe Stock Exchange2.65
Ghana Stock Exchange2.69
Nigerian Stock Exchange2.93
Stock Exchange of Mauritius3.52
Johannesburg Stock Exchange5.62
So, our model suggests Cote d’Ivoire, Uganda, and Zambia are attractive markets at the moment, while stock bargains will be more scarce on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and Stock Exchange of Mauritius.
It’s interesting to note that most African markets are more expensive now than they were 13 months ago. So, we probably won’t enjoy the eye-popping performance from African indexes that we’ve enjoyed over the past couple years.
Over to You
Does the forecast sound plausible? Which African market looks the cheapest and/or dearest to you? Let us know in the comments!

Monday, 18 March 2013

WHEN ADVERTISING DOES ITS JOB, MILLIONS OF PEOPLE KEEP THEIRS


Good advertising does not just inform. It sells. It helps move product and keep businesses in business. Every time an ad arouses a consumer’s interest enough to result in a purchase, it keeps a company going strong. And it helps secure the jobs of the people who work there. Simply, when advertising does its job… millions of people keep theirs.

I have severally heard of the term digital era in Kenya. Let’s take this to mean a brand new year/season filled with possibilities, and consumers who just cannot wait to be separated from their hard-earned cash. I tend to believe that a seller does not give a fuck if the consumer get broke in his business. Just buy, that’s his short term goal. His long term goal is that a consumer got a job and will buy again come next month. Furthermore, my article is all about sales and profitability to stay on business. Period. This means advertisers will continue to shove the same tired promises down consumers' throats, albeit dressed as shiny new ideas fresh overtime.

Well, enough is enough. It's high time advertisers, and by that I include ad agencies, design firms and clients, make some genuine resolutions that they actually stick to, to keep their clients in business, and keep their client clients’ loyal to their products and eventually make a person keep his job.

They already moved to social media…When Facebook became the major way for us all to communicate, advertisers jumped on it like a dog on heat. Every creative brief suddenly had the words "social media" implanted in it. Campaigns meant for direct mail were suddenly turned into social media campaigns. Photo shoots had to incorporate extra "stuff" for Facebook and Twitter. Innovation. They moved to social media, reached a larger base of consumers, increased sales and kept a persons job.

Treat Consumers with Dignity and Respect; This means real dignity, not fake "do it while the cameras are on" dignity. It means walking the walk. It means making promises that can be kept. It means giving people genuine rebates that are easy to redeem. It means not hiding ten pages of legal copy in 7-point type. Hehehehe…... It means being honest, and up front. Consumer is the king. Honor him/her and win his/her loyalty. Don’t rebrand old products and services as new. The consumer aint that dumb. Remember, he is the king. It's more a case of being the good conscience of the client. This is, sadly, all too prevalent in modern consumerism. Repackage it, slap a new, higher price on it, and hope no-one notices. This will not push you forward. Not at all. Think of the long term consequences. Advertise, market, and do it genuinely; the consumer will befriend your company.
A bit if statistics: Phillip Kotler, the marketing guru found out this; if a good ad arouses a consumer’s interest enough to result in a purchase, and if the service/product satisfy’s the consumers want/need. The consumer will locally market/tell 13 people (possible consumers) of that product/service. Enough said.
Do it smart. Arouse consumers to purchase and keep the company going and lots of people will secure their jobs. Simply, when advertising does its job… millions of people keep theirs.

Thursday, 20 December 2012

ITS CHRISTMAS AGAIN…


Celebrating Christ, reciting Bible verses, blowing balloons, wearing new clothes and shoes was the order of the D-day when I used to be young (now am old)…..Simply, it was lots of fun, partying and merry making. Generation Y parties goes an extra mile when it comes to celebrating festive seasons. 

But is Christmas becoming an expensive burden? I talked with some of my friends over facebook over last week. Let’s get if all from our esteemed readers…

Linah Linzy Wanjiku 
21, Student
This season I will have the opportunity to be with my family, have fun with my siblings, go to church and party with my peers. I usually spent around 8000/= for my clothing, presents, traveling, which leaves me broke at the end of the festive season. This time I plan to work on my spending to ensure I got some cash as I resume school early next January.



Cyrus Mathecx
 25,Medical student
Christmas gives me a good break from books. I spent most of my time with mom at home. I will also go to church and have a day with my friends. Being a doctor to me is like a calling and so I can’t fail to extent love to the less fortunate. I usually spent over 20,000/= most of which is channeled to the needy. To me Christmas is more than a spending and parting spree. It’s a time to show love and love.


Fred Matheka
 22, student
“Christmas is day to remember birth of Christ. It comes with cerebrations, buying presents to loved ones as well as extending love to the underprivileged.  I plan to spent 5000/= over this period to offer an offering to my God, buy drinks to my friends, and also buy a present to mom, dad, shushu and girlfriend. Am exited dad has never failed to take us for some nyama choma and also slaughter a goat for us. I don’t plan to go to a new place due to financial constraints but I also plan to spend most of the time with my girlfriend.”



Flylynn Sweetbebz 
 22, student

To me, the Christmas season has never been long enough due to the many activities I plan for. Some of the activities I’d do is visit my grandparents and spent time with them after a whole year of being away. I will also go for church camps and other youth events
Places I’d visit are beautiful sceneries like the Rift valley, visit the country side to reduce the urban boredom, go partying with friends. I will also be taking food and clothes to the less fortunate, which to me is the greatest love I can show to anybody this season. I will also make sure I buy my closest friends a Christmas gift.. It doesn’t have to b expensive, do according to your capability to avoid going too much out of your way to please them yet u remain extremely broke...


whats your game plan this season?
lets tweet @fredbursar


Saturday, 8 December 2012

On the New Traffic Laws


The New Traffic Amendment Act gazetted by the Minister for Transport, Amos Kimunya, took effect on Monday. 10 million shillings in traffic violation fines has been collected in little more than a week since the Act was gazetted.

It’s probably unsurprising then that the Act has elicited varied reactions from the public some: are in favour of it, others vehemently oppose the new traffic laws, and the more cynical see the laws as having the effect of increasing bribery.

The Act provides for steeper offenses for traffic violations. For instance driving under the influence of drugs or alcohol is an offense and upon conviction one is liable to imprisonment of up to ten years or a 500,000-shilling fine or both. A similar fine and term of imprisonment is also applicable to a person drinking while driving a public service vehicle.

The Act prohibits the driving of motor vehicles on the pavement for the purposes of avoiding traffic. This offense if one is convicted of it will incur a term of imprisonment of not less than three months (so it could be more) and a fine of not less than 30,000 shillings or both.

The Act also address speeding violations, the maximum number of passengers allowed on the various kinds of public service vehicles, the weight and type of goods allowed on various types of public service vehicles. The Act provides that if any public service vehicle carries more persons, baggage or goods than it is licensed to carry, the driver, the conductor and the owner of such vehicle; shall be upon conviction liable, to a fine of up to 20,000 shillings and an additional fine of 5,000 shillings for each person in excess of the licensed capacity.

Other provisions include the requirement for owners of public service vehicles to employ at least one driver and one conductor both of who a required to be holders of certificates of good conduct issued by the relevant authority. The penalty for the contravention of this provision is a fine of 10, 000 shillings and/or imprisonment not exceeding 12 months. The violation of the requirement for all passengers to wear helmets incurs the same penalty.

Most of the violations outlined in the new traffic law are already sanctioned in law, despite this  these offenses are committed with alarming regularity i.e. cars driving on pavements to avoid traffic, overloading of public service vehicles with both passengers, driving while under the influence etc. It is probably the impunity with which we break road rules and increasing incidents of road carnage that has necessitated stiffer penalties for traffic violations. But whether the new traffic laws will have the desired impact still remains to be seen.

Over the past week owners of, and public service vehicle operators have been on strike, or offering only intermittent services leaving hundreds of commuters stranded. Protestors want the law shelved for further consultation between the government and public service vehicle owners. In the meantime truck drivers have threatened to join the protest against the new laws.

What are your thoughts on the new traffic laws will the new stiffer penalties deter offenders, and reduce road carnage or are the new rules too punitive?